Important Discussion on Abdomen examination

 What do we see in superficial palpation of Abdomen?

Here's the points to be noted

  ✓Temperature

  ✓Tenderness

  ✓ Hyperaethsia

  ✓Rigidity

  ✓Any lump

∆∆ During palpation of Abdomen,if you find tenderness then you should see rebound tenderness in deep palpation.

∆∆ If you find any lump in superficial palpation then you have describe it's details in deep palpation including,

       ✓Site

      ✓Size

      ✓Shape

      ✓Surface

      ✓Consistency

      ✓Tenderness

      ✓Mobility

      ✓Relation with underlying structure and overlying skin

      ✓Is it intrabdominal or extra-abdominal

√√During palpation of Spleen do not forget to Percussion the area and also Bimanually ballotable or not,also check for finger insinuation to differ it from kidney.

√√Check splenic rub with bell of the stethoscope,but Hepatic bruit with diaphragm

To comment on Testicular atrophy it should be,

  ✓Soft

  ✓Small

  ✓ Painless

Causes of tender hepatomegaly:

 Viral Hepatitis

 Hepatocellular carcinoma

 Liver abscess

 Congestive heart failure

Cause of Hepatosplenomegaly with Ascites

 

Congestive heart failure

Hepatoma with peritoneal metastasis

Lymphoma

Disseminated TB

Chronic liver disease with Portal Hypertension

Splenomegaly with Ascites

CLD

Lymphoma

Leakaemia

Disseminated TB

∆∆Fever with Ascites

Abdominal TB

Lymphoma

Leukaemia

If Ascites,then palpate organ by Dipping method.

∆∆Fever with Splenomegaly

Kala-azar

Malaria

Enteric fever

Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis

Lymphoma

Leakaemia

Disseminated TB